Actuality of the Dream Essay -- essays papers

Actuality of the Dream At the onset of an emerging the Statesn society, J. Hector St. John de Crevecoeur comments on the principles of American social formation and the new consciousness that was arising in Letters from an American Farmer. Crevecoeur compound not only his own personal feelings and thoughts into this work, but also integrated depictions of ordinary American life using the important philosophical, political, and economic theories of the Enlightenment (850). The images of a picturesque American farmer whose life is seemingly perfect and filled with abundant enjoyment in his new world is the foundation, but this vision is on the spur of the moment transformed into make love despondency when perfection is contaminated with slavery and Revolution. The detailed illustration of this intake world, gone array, is filled with intense accounts of utter bliss and comfort to those of horrific brutality and desolation. In Letters, Crevecoeur effectively utilizes imagery in scenes of farming, slavery and war, and progressive changes in tone to portray the actuality of the new happy land of opportunity, America, that entitles all(prenominal) to entertain new ideas and form new opinions while also depicting a complete divergence from English traditions (857). Thus, producing the formation of the American, the destruction of a design of the ideal life, and the development of the American consciousness. Crevecoeur poses the famous question, What, then, is the American, this new man? (850) He also addresses both(prenominal) of the most pressing concerns of the conviction the issue of American identity, self-interests, and exemption from institutional oppression. While celebrating the largeness and fertility of the land, this narrative also introduces darker elements, including slavery and war that casts a long shadow over the new nation. During a time of monarchial rule where free choice and independence were not even considered, Crevecoeur created a setting by images of granting immunity, where pursuit of self-interest is the way of life and the only judicature landlord is the lord of all the land (852). This is an extremely problematic notion because James is still a British subject, loyal to the throne, only reaping the benefits of a fertile America while claiming no steadfast allegiance to either country. Although it appears he is loyal to America as he states, I felt myself h... ...Although America appeared to offer freedom from monarchial rule, it did not ascertain a society free from conflict and differing ideas. And it is this that makes for an effective work the promise of freedom appeals to the masses that so desperately seek it in combination with the variations in imagery and tone on account of an altering society that bear witness extremely effective both literarily and rhetorically. Thus, the formation of the American was more(prenominal) than just the creation of a specific type of person. It was the dev elopment of a consciousnessan reasonableness and acceptance of the changes that are bound to face a society that allows for freedom of thought and the formation of new and diverse opinions. And this is what Crevecoeur is attempting to prove through the delight and tribulations in Letters from an American Farmer. No matter where James break loose to, there would be evils to plague his happiness. America offered the freedom to choose, and to be an American would mean to preserve personal independence and pursue self-interests. However, even freedom has its downside.BibliographyThe heath Anthology of American Literature Third Edition. Paul Lauter (general editor) Actuality of the Dream Essay -- essays papersActuality of the Dream At the onset of an emerging American society, J. Hector St. John de Crevecoeur comments on the principles of American social organization and the new consciousness that was arising in Letters from an American Farmer. Crevecoeur incorpor ated not only his own personal feelings and thoughts into this work, but also integrated depictions of ordinary American life using the important philosophical, political, and economic theories of the Enlightenment (850). The images of a picturesque American farmer whose life is seemingly perfect and filled with abundant happiness in his new world is the foundation, but this vision is abruptly transformed into complete despondency when perfection is contaminated with slavery and Revolution. The detailed illustration of this dream world, gone array, is filled with intense accounts of utter bliss and happiness to those of horrific brutality and desolation. In Letters, Crevecoeur effectively utilizes imagery in scenes of farming, slavery and war, and progressive changes in tone to portray the actuality of the new happy land of opportunity, America, that entitles each to entertain new ideas and form new opinions while also depicting a complete divergence from English traditions (857). T hus, producing the formation of the American, the destruction of a notion of the ideal life, and the development of the American consciousness. Crevecoeur poses the famous question, What, then, is the American, this new man? (850) He also addresses some of the most pressing concerns of the time the issue of American identity, self-interests, and freedom from institutional oppression. While celebrating the largeness and fertility of the land, this narrative also introduces darker elements, including slavery and war that casts a long shadow over the new nation. During a time of monarchial rule where free choice and independence were not even considered, Crevecoeur created a setting through images of freedom, where pursuit of self-interest is the way of life and the only governing landlord is the lord of all the land (852). This is an extremely problematic notion because James is still a British subject, loyal to the throne, only reaping the benefits of a fertile America while claimin g no steadfast allegiance to either country. Although it appears he is loyal to America as he states, I felt myself h... ...Although America appeared to offer freedom from monarchial rule, it did not promise a society free from conflict and differing ideas. And it is this that makes for an effective work the promise of freedom appeals to the masses that so desperately seek it in combination with the variations in imagery and tone on account of an altering society that prove extremely effective both literarily and rhetorically. Thus, the formation of the American was more than just the creation of a specific type of person. It was the development of a consciousnessan understanding and acceptance of the changes that are bound to face a society that allows for freedom of thought and the formation of new and diverse opinions. And this is what Crevecoeur is attempting to prove through the delight and tribulations in Letters from an American Farmer. No matter where James escaped to, ther e would be evils to plague his happiness. America offered the freedom to choose, and to be an American would mean to retain personal independence and pursue self-interests. However, even freedom has its downside.BibliographyThe Heath Anthology of American Literature Third Edition. Paul Lauter (general editor)

the flea :: essays research papers

WzDDs HSC Info 2Unit Related English John DonneThe FleaMarke but this flea, and marke in this, How little that which thou denyst me is Me it suckd first, and now sucks thee, And in this flea our two bloods mingled bee Confesse it, this cannot be said A sinne, or shame, or losse of maidenhead, until now this enjoyes before it wooe, And pamperd swells with one blood made of two, And this, alas, is more than wee would doe.Oh stay, three lives in one flea spare, When we almost, nay more than maryed are. This flea is you and I, and this Our marriage buttocks, and marriage temple is Though parents grudge, and you, ware met, And cloysterd in these biography walls of run. Though use make thee apt to kill me, allow not to this, selfe murder added bee, And sacrilege, three sinnes in killing three.Cruell and sodaine, has thou since Purpled thy naile, in blood of innocence? In what could this flea guilty bee, Except in that drop which it suckt from thee? Yet thou triumphst, and saist that thou Findst not thyself, nor mee the weaker now Tis true, then learne how false, feares bee Just so much honor, when thou yeeldst to mee, Will wast, as this fleas death tooke life from thee.GlossaryJet - a deep, glossy black stone. This is of course a reference to the colour of a flea, and is especially strong imagery when one compares the lifeless stone with the "living walls".Sodaine - violent.Overall explanationMy copy of the poem notes that "Fleas were a popular subject for jocosehumorous and amatorylove poetry in all countries at the Renaissance". Their popularity stems from an event that happened in a literary salon (a place where poets and others came to recite poetry and converse). The salon was run by two ladies, and on on occassion a flea happened to land upon one ladys breast. The poets were stunned at the creatures audacity, and were inspired to write poetry about the beast. It soon became fashionable among poets to write poems about fleas.In this poem, the "I" of the poem is lying in bed with his lover, and trying to get her to give her virginity to him. (It could, of course, quite easily be a FEMALE "I" trying to seduce a MALE, but I volition stick with one for convenience). While lying there, he notices a flea, which has obviously bitten them both.

Sigmund Freud’s Interpretation of Sophocles’ Oedipus Tyrannus Essay exa

Sigmund Freuds Interpretation of Sophocles Oedipus TyrannusThroughout the years, there waste been many renderings of Sophocles Oedipus Tyrannus. However, one of the most interesting interpretations of the play would take away to be one that uses the theories of Sigmund Freud to analyze the actions of the characters. The use of various aspects of Freudian theory such as the id, ego, superego, and the Oedipus Complex reveals Oedipus and his behaviors throughout the course of the play.In order to alone understand Oedipus and his actions, we must first understand the basics of Freuds theories. One of the most well known aspects of Freudian theory is the Oedipus Complex. We can already chew the fat a relationship between the Oedipus Complex and the play just by looking at the name of this particular theory. The Oedipus Complex is a characteristic of juvenility boys in which they experience a strong attachment toward their mother and feelings of hatred and jealousy toward their fuc k off. The little man would like to have the mother all to himself. The fathers presence is disturbing to the boy. When the father shows tenderness toward the little boys mother, the little boy is irritated, and he expresses satisfaction when the father is away or on a journey (Mullahay 25). The young child would like to have his mothers attention at all times, and he would also like to have his father out of the picture. The Oedipus Complex theory also states that the boy may not only want his father out of the picture, but he may also want to be in his fathers place when it comes to having sexual relations with the mother. According to Freud, many boys have this strong desire to be sexually intimate with their mother.Another of Freuds theo... ...known of his secret desires and wanted to castrate him. In this way, castration theory can be related to the Oedipus Complex and the theory of the id, ego, and superego.To many, Freuds theories seem bizarre and eccentric. Once we learn a nd understand his ideas, we can see how these theories can be connected with Oedipus Tyrannus. Now that we understand Freuds ideas, and his interpretation of Oedipus Tyrannus, we can make our own judgements and form our own thoughts and ideas of the play.Works CitedMullahay, Patrick. Oedipus Myth and Complex. A Review of Psychoanalytic Theory. New York Hermitage Press, 1951.Psychoanalytic Criticism. Assumptions College. Worcester, Massachusetts. October 11, 2000 http//www.aswsumption.edu/HTML/Academic/users/ady/HH gate/Gateway/Psychapp.html.Rudnytski, Peter. Freud and Oedipus. New York Columbia UP, 1987.

Eudora Weltys The Golden Apples Essay -- Eudora Welty The Golden Appl

Eudora Weltys The Golden Apples The review Technique as Myth The anatomical structure of The Golden Apples byDaniele Pitavy-Souques presents an easy and reasonable approach for readingEudora Weltys The Golden Apples. Her ideas, which address structural unity,represent a sound foundation of simple fact, which in turn, provides a betterunderstanding. The finished product, written with concise and understandablelanguage speaks to a clearer vision of Weltys ever-present themes offascination, mirroring and separateness.Daniele Pitavy-Souques begins her review by pointing out difficulties mostarticles turn out with the structural unity of The Golden Apples. She says,Nearlyall articles dealing with The Golden Applesas a whole tackle the problem andattempt to solve it by establishing cozy parallels between (mostly) Greekmythology and the various characters and incidents in the book (109). Shecontinues withContent cannot be dissociated from form the text should beanalyzed as a whole. Indee d, its narrative public presentation deserves the closestattention since alone i...

Essay --

A very common nutritional infirmity is anemia. genus Anemia is a condition that cigarette develop when a persons body lacks healthy blushing(a) blood carrells or hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is the way red blood cells receive oxygen. quaternity percent of the children in the United States between three and five years old are anemic. Anemia corporation run in families and it arse be passed down through generations and it groundwork affect your whole life. On a positive note anemia bottom be treated and those with this nutritional disease can live regular lives.Cause of AnemiaAnemia has three main causes. The most common cause of anemia is blood loss. Anemic women usually lose a large amount of blood with heavy menstrual cycles. When blood is coming from the digestive or urinary tract blood can also be lost. Surgeries and caner also can cause blood loss. If a large amount of blood is lost the body may lose a lot of red blood cells causing anemia. Another cause is when red blood ce lls cant be produced. You can inherit having a teensy-weensy amount of red blood cells, meaning your parents passed the disease to you. Or having few red blood cells can be acquired, which means you werent born with the disease. You can acquire anemia by having a poor diet, having off balance hormone levels, having an ongoing diseases, or pregnancy. Lastly if a person has a red blood cell destruction can cause anemia. If too many red blood cells are destroyed you are still losing red bloods cells. This can happen if someone has an enlarged or diseased spleen. The spleen removes old red blood cells out of the body. If the spleen is enlarged or diseased, it could remove more than red blood cells than necessary which would lead to having anemia. Also if too many red blood cells are destroyed that can lead to sickle cell ... ...ies which will decrease their amount of physical activityConclusionAnemia is a condition that can develop in anyone of any age. It can footslog from being m inor or warning signs of something more serious. When a person lacks enough healthy red blood cells anemia can occur. Anemia can be treated with medication and changes in ones diet. ReferencesNordqvist, C. (2009). What Is Anemia? What Causes Anemia? .MedicalNewsToday.com.Retrieved December 14, 2013, from http//www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/158800.php Edmundson, A. (2013, May 13). Understanding Anemia - the Basics. WebMD.com. RetrievedDecember14, 2013, from http//www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/understanding-anemiabasics(N.A.). (2012, May 18). What Causes Anemia?. nhlbi.nih.gov. Retrieved December14, 2013,from http//www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/anemia/causes.html

Crucial Effect Of The Cuban Missile Crisis Essay -- History, Nuclear W

Since the Cuban Revolution of 1959, tension and problematic situations have arose between the United States and Cuba (US-Cuba dealing 1). forrader America helped Cuba fight of the Spanish for their independence, the Americans had strong political and economical affairs within the island (US-Cuba Relations 1). But, since the Cubans created a nation of their own, they blocked the Americans from many freedoms within Cuba (US-Cuba Relations 1). Although there are many examples of the tension between America and Cuba, the Cuban Missile Crisis had the most crucial imprint on their long lasting feud.The of import reason for the crucial effect of the Cuban Missile Crisis comes from the fact that this event was the closest the world has ever been to a nuclear war. In 1962, America was genuinely prepared with their nuclear weapons, being able to attack the Soviet Union with missiles if necessary (Overview of the Crisis 1). But the disadvantage to the Soviets was that their missiles could only be used within Europe. As a result, Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev proposed the idea of placing their missile launching centres in Cuba, making their distance from the United States very slim (Overview of the Crisis 1). Since Castro was fearing another American attack, he approved the proposal of placing missiles on his island. By 1962, the Soviets had started placing missiles in Cuba, and that was when the crisis began (Overview of the Crisis 1). On October 15, 1962, photos were taken from American airplanes revealing the missions of the Soviet missiles in Cuba (Overview of the Crisis 1). On October 22, President Kennedy took matters into his own reach by announcing the reveal of missiles in Cuba (Overview of the Crisis 1). He announced his mission to q... ...was a powerful source of the tension that still exists between America and Cuba, but since it ashes to separate the two countries from each other, it does not prove as significant as the Cuban Missile Crisis. There fore, the strength of the Cuban Missile Crisis proves to be the strongest of whole events that represent tension between the United States and Cuba. In conclusion, the Cuban Missile Crisis proves to have had a large impact on our world today. Whether it is through the focusing we consider how we avoided a nuclear war, learnt a lesson of resolution, or compare its significance to other events between Cuba and America, this crucial event has shown a significant sectionalisation in North American and European history. Although there are many examples of the tension between America and Cuba, the Cuban Missile Crisis had the most crucial effect on their long lasting feud.

Crucial Effect Of The Cuban Missile Crisis Essay -- History, Nuclear W

Since the Cuban Revolution of 1959, tension and problematic situations have arose between the United States and Cuba (US-Cuba dealings 1). Before the States helped Cuba fight of the Spanish for their independence, the Americans had strong political and economical affairs within the island (US-Cuba Relations 1). But, since the Cubans created a nation of their have, they blocked the Americans from many freedoms within Cuba (US-Cuba Relations 1). Although there are many examples of the tension between America and Cuba, the Cuban Missile Crisis had the most of import effect on their long undestroyable feud.The main reason for the crucial effect of the Cuban Missile Crisis comes from the fact that this event was the closest the world has ever been to a nuclear war. In 1962, America was very prepared with their nuclear weapons, being able to attack the Soviet Union with missiles if necessary (Overview of the Crisis 1). But the disadvantage to the Soviets was that their missiles could only be used within Europe. As a result, Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev proposed the idea of placing their missile launching centres in Cuba, making their distance from the United States very slim (Overview of the Crisis 1). Since Castro was fearing another American attack, he approved the proposal of placing missiles on his island. By 1962, the Soviets had started placing missiles in Cuba, and that was when the crisis began (Overview of the Crisis 1). On October 15, 1962, photos were taken from American airplanes revealing the missions of the Soviet missiles in Cuba (Overview of the Crisis 1). On October 22, President Kennedy took matters into his own hands by announcing the reveal of missiles in Cuba (Overview of the Crisis 1). He announced his mission to q... ...was a powerful source of the tension that still exists between America and Cuba, and since it remains to separate the two countries from each other, it does not prove as hearty as the Cuban Missile Crisis. Therefo re, the strength of the Cuban Missile Crisis proves to be the strongest of all events that represent tension between the United States and Cuba. In conclusion, the Cuban Missile Crisis proves to have had a large impact on our world today. Whether it is by dint of the way we consider how we avoided a nuclear war, learnt a lesson of resolution, or compare its significance to other events between Cuba and America, this crucial event has shown a significant part in North American and European history. Although there are many examples of the tension between America and Cuba, the Cuban Missile Crisis had the most crucial effect on their long lasting feud.

How to Solve a Problem Essay

After reading up on the Art of Thinking e-book, chapter 5 explains the 4 faces of the critical thought process. The first head of critical thinking is to search for challenges. It explains that not all challenges are obvious and on how you should make it a habit to look fall out for challenges that comes your way. The second gift of critical thinking is expressing the problem or issue. The e-book explains in more detail the difference between a problem and an issue. The third stage of critical thinking is to investigate the problem or issue.Last but not least, the fourth stage of critical thinking is producing ideas. I think that this is also the critical stage of what makes a critical thinker. When I was in the Navy during my first year, I noticed that it was very difficult to advance in the occupational specialty that I was in compared to the other military occupation. One of the things that Ive noticed was that the reason why the advancement was difficult was because at that place were too many people who were in the field rating.The gloriole division field rating was a difficult and dangerous job to be in especially if you didnt know what you were doing. in that respect was long 18 hour body of work days that I had to do whenever there were out to sea deployments to the Persian Gulf. I also had to worry close to equipment malfunction and the risk of falling over board from the flight deck. I was very dissatisfied with working with the air department division, so I opinionated to take the exam for a different respect when I was up for advancement.I was curious to find out what other military occupations were out there for me with less danger on the field and meliorate advancement opportunity. Fortunately for me, the advancement exam that I took was 100% advancement and 18 hours less than what I had to work compared to the air department. Based from my reading of chapter 7, the problem for me was working long hours in a hazardous environment. I asked myself, how can I get out of a hazardous work environment such as working on the flight deck? How can I advance myself to a rate that has less competition?There were also some issues for me that I had to address. One of the questions I had to ask myself regarding the issue was if I should notify my supervisor that I intend on taking the advancement exam for another rate? Is he going to single me out and make me work harder in the division? In order to resolve my problem, I decided to take the advancement exam that focused on operating the radar systems and it was 100% advancement. The working hours were 6 hours on and 18 hours off rotations at the work center. The work environment was also less hazardous and more relaxed compared to the air department.For my issues to get resolved, I decided not to tell any of my supervisors that I plan to leave the division by taking the exam for another rate. I figured that if I dont tell them what I plan to doing, then they will not single me out or make me work harder compared to the other people in the division. I believe that it was the best decision that I made during my time in the military. Before I decided to take the advancement exam, I noticed that unity of my co-workers had also taken the same exam before me.According to chapter 8 of the Art of Thinking, I investigated the problems and issues that relate to working with the operations department compared to working in the air department. I took an eyewitness testimony from my former co-worker who used to work for the air department division, but later switch to the operations department division after taking the advancement exam. He provided the information to me regarding the pros and cons of working with the operations department.The con part of working with operations was that you were working around a lot of high ranking officers and always had to practice for certain drills, but the pro side to it was good advancement and less work hours compared to w orking with the air department. In conclusion, I think that one of the best ways for me to solve this problem was to avoid going into the air department in the first place. I should have weighed out my options in regards to finding out what other good department divisions that I could benefit from by working with them for the 4 years that I was with the Navy.I noticed that some fields such as working as an electrician has its benefits. I could have been able to transfer all of my work experience into the civilian side and done a similar job like that with more salary pay. I also now understood that the soul who recruited me into the Navy had a quote to me in order for him to keep his job as a recruiter, but I should have done a better job in regards to thinking things out more critically in regards to how I was going to benefit from joining the Navy besides getting the educational benefits after successfully completing my contract of serving my country.

An Idiot’s Guide to an Easier College Experience Essay

When multitude are in high school the only contour in which they have to do some(prenominal) significant join of piece of compose is their English class. Subsequently, the only type of root that most people are well versed in writing when they rise to college is a paper for an English class. This would be fine except for the fact that when one gets to college they are asked to write for a variety of divers(prenominal) classes. These could range from your standard English class to a proof for a Math class to a scientific lab report for a Biology class. All of the writings for these different classes wait different formats, styles, and spoken languages. If writers do not get it on these different styles and languages then they testament have a ofttimes more difficult duration being made in their college career. Knowing these different styles and languages will dish out the writer to develop a sense of their own rhetorical ken. If they have a sense of this conscious (predicate)ness then they will be get out equipped to write to their intended audience or discourse community.It is significant for pupil writers to be aware of and agnise both what rhetorical awareness is and what a discourse community is because it will make their college experience easier and help them to attain better grades on papers for classes otherwise than English. The first thing that savant writers needs to be able to do in order for them to write for a discipline that they are not merely familiar with, is to have at least a cursory knowledge of what a discourse community is, and what discourse community that they are writing for. In the hand out Discourse Community Map by Sylvia Morales, English Professor at Sacramento State University, a Discourse Community is be as a group of people who share a particular way of communicating and/or using language that follows certain rules and patterns (1). In laymens terms if two people are part of the resembling discourse co mmunity then they will most likely think relatively alike.They whitethorn share many of the same beliefs. They may have similar values. Also they will most assuredly be interested in many of the same things. In academia a discourse community would most often exist among people that belong to different academicdisciplines. So it stands to reason that student writers needs to be able to broadcast or write using the same type of language as the discourse community that they are essay to write for. For this reason it is extremely important for student writers to be able to know what a discourse community is and how it differs from the other discourse communities that it might move with. Being able to identify a discourse community can sometimes be a daunting task. It is not alship canal completely clear-cut. real often it can be difficult to identify a discourse community because it may be quite similar to other discourse community. at that place can be small differences that make a big impact on the discourse community. In the phrase Discourse Communities by Gary D. Schmidt and William J. Vande Kopple it says, sometimes people from different discourse communities focus on different aspects of the same object or general phenomenon (1).The two groups are similar in that they are cerebrate on the same object but it is the slight differences on how they focus on the object that makes them part of a different discourse community. One of the easiest ways that a student a writer might help themselves correctly identify a discourse community would be to first ask how do certain discourse communities communicate with each other. Are they only interested in cold hard facts, or do they appreciate discussions about their opinions. attached the writer should ask himself or herself what is the main purpose of the different groups in question. Also it will be helpful to student writers to figure out what claims are these certain groups of people making. Identifying thes e claims will go a long way in helping the writer determine what are the core values of the different groups.Once a student write has place what discourse community they are dealing with, then they can begin to decide exactly what would be the best way for them to go about communicating to members of this discourse community. This would lead the writer to the next significant aspect of writing that they need to be aware of in order to have an easier time in college and achieve better scores on their various college writing assignments. Once the writer has correctly identified the discourse community that they are writing for then they need to know the best way to effectively communicate their ideas to the members of this community. This would be where rhetorical awareness comes into play. In their article Rhetoric Gary Schmidt and William J. Vande Kopple define rhetoric as theart of using language to have desired effects on people (1). For the purpose of their article they were foc using on the written word. They simplify it by saying that it is essentially a matter of choice at all stages of the writing processfrom the time when writers decide how to organize an essay to the time when they select individual words (Schmidt et al. 1).So rhetorical awareness is knowing how to use certain words to get a desired effect, and knowing exactly what effect that the writer is going to solicit from the reader. This is a skill that needs to be developed. It is not something that can be learned overnight. However, it is a skill that if mastered can help student writers have a much easier time in college and earn much better grades on the papers that they write. Different kinds of rhetorical awareness strategies need to be learned and implemented for all of the various types of writing that student writers have to be competent in. For instance, if a student writer were dealing with a scientific discourse community then they would most likely want to hire language and a ton e that was more scientific. This would include a fair amount of technical terms and scientific jargon. They would want to discuss only the things that can be proved through question and experimentation. They might choose to insert charts or graphs to illustrate their points. Also they would most likely want to keep their writing succinct.For example, in the article Effects of Unsaturated Free Fatty Acids on Adhesion and on Gene Expression of Extra cellular Matrix Macromolecules in humanity Osteoblast-like Cell Cultures by Estella Musacchio, Giovanna Priante, Alessandro Budakovic, and Bruno Baggio, the writers use most if not all of the rhetorical choices that a reader should expect to picture in a piece of writing that is extremely scientific in nature. The tone of this writing is extremely scientific, and there is a large amount of jargon. They write things such as semi numeric comparative kinetic RT-PCR with COLI, FN, and TGF-B specific primers was performed using G3PDH as a h ousekeeping gene (Musacchio et. al 35). Now most people would not have any clue what this means, but a member of a scientific discourse community would, and they would appreciate this as a well-written sentence. This article to a fault has multiple graphs and charts that help to illustrate the points that the writing is making. A computable deal of this writing has to do with the experiments that the writer did.This is important for people pf the scientific discourse community because it letsthem know that the research was sound and it could be repeated. Also the writing in this article is succinct and to the point. Lastly, it is organized in such a way that it is easy for the reader to know what each section is pertaining to. If a student writer were producing a piece of work for a member of a scientific discourse community and they choose to implement these types of rhetorical strategies, as long as their research was sound, it should go along way in helping to insure that they pay ford a good score on the paper. In contrast, if a student writer were producing a piece of persuasive writing then they would want to take a much different approach. They would want to use more colorful language. They would want to use words that grab the readers attention. They might choose to use anecdotes or first hand accounts from people that would help to illustrate the point that the writer is trying to make.For example, in the article Invalid Corps by COL R. Gregory Lande, MC USA Retired uses many of the rhetorical choices that you often find in a well-written piece of persuasive writing. In the article the writer grabs his readers attention right from the in truth beginning by quoting a famous Roman statesman and philosopher. The quote that he uses is no man can be brave ho thinks incommode is the greatest evil (Lande 525). He also uses a first hand account form a solider that shows how useful members of the Invalid Corp could be. The solider wrote in his daybook abou t how several regiments of the Invalid Corp help to repel a desperate attack on Washington D. C. by the Confederate Army (Lande 527). If a student writer were to use the same types of rhetorical strategies then it should help them to receive a better grade on any pieces of persuasive writing that they might have to produce for any of the their college courses.Student writers should not expect that just because they become adept at being able to identify and communicate with different discourse communities that college will be a breeze. Also they should not expect that just because they might be able to perfect the art of rhetorical awareness that they will pass every class. They should not expect this because doing well in college is about more than this. In fact, in the book Academic report Genres, Samples, and Resources by Mary Kay Mulvaney and David A. Jolliffe the authors talk about how some of the biggest challenges that in comingcollege students have to face are learning how to budget their time and how do find an effective way to deal with stress ( ). College is one of the most fun and exciting times in a young persons life.However college can also be one of the most challenging and stressful times in a young person life. The top things that most college students stress about are the papers that they have to write and the grades that they receive. What incoming college students writers need to realize is that there are steps that they can take form the very beginning of their college careers that will go a long way in helping them to get through college with a significantly lower amount of stress and anxiety. If incoming student writers learn to identify what discourse communities they are writing for, and if they are able to learn how to make wise rhetorical choice then they will receive better grades on their writing assignments. If they receive high grades on their writing assignments then it stands to reason that they will receive high grades in t heir classes overall. If they receive higher grades in their class then their college career will go by a lot more easily.Works CitedJolliffe, David A., and Mary K. Mulvaney. Academic Writing Genres, Samples, and Resources. raw York Longman Group, 2004. Lande, Gregory. Invalid Corps. Military Medicine 173 (2008) 525-28. Morales, Sylvia E. Discourse Community Map.Musacchio, Estella, Giovanna Priante, Alessandro Budakovic, and Bruno Baggio. Effects of Unsaturated Free Fatty Acids on Adhesion and on Gene Expression of extracellular Matrix Macromolecules in Human Osteoblast-like Cell Cultures. Informa Health 2007 34-38. Schmidt, Gary D., and William J. Vande Kopple. Communities of Discourse The Rhetoric of Disciplines. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall, 1993. 1. Schmidt, Gary D., and William J. Vande Kopple. Communities of Discourse The Rhetoric of Disciplines. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall, 1993. 1.

Citibank Case

The supreme mortgages crisis In October 2007 affected Callback as Collector Incurred losses of $9. 83 billion for the last quarter of 2007. The dynamic global economy encourages CitiBank to be more innovative to resolve to brand-new trends and customers needs. It is an era of tough competition in which CitiBank has the duty to find ways to of all time increase direct efficiency while maintaining or even improving services to customers. There Is a rapid change In technology that requires CitiBank to respond to new customers demand.For Instance, businesses demanded electronic Invoicing, automatic application of payments to accounts receivable and online payment guarantees. Due to the tough competition environment, if CitiBank is not able to provide such services, early(a) beachs could distinguish their customers. The Internet is probably the most important feature in the banking industry. Customers now prefer to run their transactions online because it Is more efficient and les s time consuming.Citibank knew that this was critical to their success, and their balloons was to become the worlds leading e-business enabler. Indeed, technology investment fundss In the global financial service industry were growing at a rate of 4. % per year. CitiBank then implement an e-business outline to deliver on its vision. 2. There atomic number 18 barriers to new entrants in the financial services industry, especially on the global market stage. Deutsche Bank and Callback were genuinely the two leading banks that Invested heavily in monitoring cash balances online.It requires a lot of Investment from other banks to be able to compete with these two giants of the industry. However, CitiBank is face with a low level of rivalry from round Macs that build their own systems and look for ways to disintermediation banks. Also, several(prenominal) genealogy companies compete heavily by exploitation their technological expertise and interests in providing new services. It e xists a high bargaining power of customers because their needs and expectations are changing rapidly. Indeed, In the financial services Industry, customers are everything.The bargaining power of suppliers Is medium due to the ability of CitiBank to acquire Lava Trading and other major electronic savvy companies in order to offer its institutional clients the benefits of the most sophisticated and robust electronic trading system in the market. There are no bustiest products in the financial services industry, and for the reasons mentioned above, this industry is uninviting if one is a new comer. However, for Institutions like Callback that enjoy a sustainable matched advantage, It Is definitely an attractive Industry. . Among its main capabilities, CitiBank is able to manage some of their clients duties such as managing their accounts receivables and payable. CitiBank has been able to become not only a bank but global financial institution by building a broad customer base, offeri ng diverse products, actively participating in the community, ND recruiting staff and senior management from the local population. Moreover, CitiBank made continuous investment in technology to provide corporate customers the most cost-effective, cutting-edge, reliable, and secure solutions.Citibanks core competence would definitely be its customer service. Their focus on customers enabled them to acquire a significant market share. Customers loyalty was driven by Citibanks commitment to excellence in its processing business. The bank was ranked higher than its competitors in the areas of accuracy, timeliness, accessibility, and responsiveness several years in a row. . CitiBank has several strengths, which include a global network, an innovative product offering, and an experienced staff group.Indeed, the bank operated in 100 countries, it offered a wide variety of products and services, and employed over 268,000 employees from which Transmission was staffed by world-class employees with expert knowledge of financial data. According to the case, CitiBank didnt have many weaknesses. However, I could pick up increased operating costs of between 2005 and 2006 that caused the laying off of 17,000 positions. On the other hand, there are opportunities available to CitiBank. The worlds largest market, China is now liberalizing its market, giving CitiBank opportunities to arrive this market.Also, CitiBank can improve its online presence because it has been more focused on the US market, which is actually its largest. However, with the BIB transfers, Citibank is able to expand its international activities. Like any other financial institution, threats come from foreign exchange fluctuations, unstable market conditions, and regulators. CitiBank also has to face competition from technology companies that use their expertise to provide new services. For now, CitiBank enjoys a sustainable competitive advantage until another bank is able to replicate what they are doing b est on a global level.The source of this sustainable competitive advantage is their ability to reach a wide array of customers by offering a customer service of excellence but also a wide range of products and services. I think that what may hinder CitiBank to go forward might be the high costs associated to technology investments in the global financial service. It is growing at a significant rate per annum, obligating CitiBank to spend a lot of money acquiring new technology and getting absolve of its race. It could get to a mint where talented employees do not want to work for CitiBank fearing lay offs. . CitiBanks customers include Macs, financial institutions, government sectors, local corporations, and Seems. The bank has opportunities in other markets like China, India, and the European market. Indeed, in other countries the Internet on the cell phone is used differently. It is very common to see people making bank transactions through their cell phones. CitiBank should tar get some of their services to this particular group of customers. Instead of putting a big focus on its corporate customers, It snouts also consoler making e rots to meet Uninominal customers needs. . CitiBanks e-business strategy is based on the banks objective to become the worlds leading e-business enabler. It follow this strategy because it wanted to empower local, regional, and global customers and the business-to-business-to- consumer marketplace and provide solutions to help them take advantage of the efficiencies and opportunities created by e-commerce. The scrap will be to keep its operating costs at a reasonable level because technology investments in the global financial service industry are constantly increasing. Another challenge was forCitiBank to translate its traditional strengths to the Internet in a way that would add value for its customers. CitiBank was able to integrate products in new ways, build a new global infrastructure to deliver products and services o nline, and deploy Web- enabling access points to allow customers to connect seamlessly to the bank. I think that CitiBank will be successful as long as they take advantage of all the opportunities available with the Internet and technology. If it wants to remain competitive, it has to stay ahead of its rivals in following up with new future day customers trends in order to satisfy their needs.

Demographic Segmentation

Study of a demographic segment and its sub segment travel in the suppurate concourse 18 year to 25 years Saneel Gaonkar IBS Gurgaon Study of a demographic segment and its sub segment f in alling in the age conclave 18 year to 25 years Introduction Different kinds of people display different buying patterns even in a segment of age root word 18 years to 25 years. This truth is well understood by those people who argon responsible for market re front, point of intersection development, pricing, sales and strategy.Market partition is the identification of portions of market that are different from one anformer(a). E real individual declinations under one or early(a) demographic segment of the society Mr. Philip Kotler has particularized a market segment as a conclave of customers who share a similar set of necessarily and wants (Philip Kotler, 2009). A market segment is a sub-set of a market made up of people or organizations with one or to a greater extent characteristic s that ca engross them to assume similar product and/or services establish on qualities of those products such as price or function.The criteria that a true market segment should cumulate are as follows distinct from other segments, homogenous within the segment, it responds similarly to market stimulus and it can be reached through market intervention. questioners try to define segments by minding at descriptive characteristics geographic, demographic and psychographic. Then they examine whether these customer segments exhibit different necessitate or product responses. Few other researchers have tried to define segments looking at carriageal reflexion such as consumer responses to benefits, use occasions or brands. questioners than see whether different characteristics are associated with each consumer response segment. (Philip Kotler, 2009). The key here is to identify customer differences. The major sectionalisation variables are geographic, demographic, psychographic, a nd behavioral segmentation. Living in metropolitan city exchangeable Mumbai exposes you to a wide competitive market in all sectors. Segmenting Consumers in Mumbai by using these segmenting techniques gives a thorough idea of the consumers in Mumbai GeographicGeographic segment calls for division of the market into different geographical units such as nation, states, surface area, countries, cities or neighborhoods. In India geographic segmentation assumes importance due to variation in consumer preferences and purchase habits across different regions, and across different states. In India rural and urban markets differ on number of different essential parameters like literacy levels, income, disbursement power. There is a vast difference in infrastructure such as electricity, telephone network and roads.The need to segment the market geographically becomes clearer when we look at some of the characteristics of the market. In India there are 5000 towns and over 6, 38,000 village s (Pradeep Kashyap, 2003-04) (Philip Kotler, 2009) Region Mumbai falls in Western region of India. There are few significances of this region that needs attention, Maharashtra the state with Mumbai as its capital derives its culture from Indo Aryan Vedic culture influenced by the Maratha Empire and the British Empire. City of MumbaiAccording to 2011 census, the population of Mumbai was 12,478,447 (The fipple flute General & nosecount Commissioner, 2011). (censusindia. gov. in) According to extrapolations carried out by the World Gazetteer in 2010, Mumbai has a population of 13,830,884 and the Mumbai Metropolitan ara has a population of 21,347,412. The population engrossment is estimated to be near 20,482persons per square kilometer. The sex ratio was 838 (females per 1,000 males) in the island city, 857 in the suburbs, and 848 as a whole in Greater Mumbai, all numbers humble than the national average of 914 females per 1,000 males. PopulationIndia. com, 2011) The low sex rati o is partly because of the large number of male migrants who come to the city to work (Parsis top literacy, sex-ratio charts in city, 2004) As Per 2011 census, Greater Mumbai, the area under the administration of the BMC, has a literacy rate of 94. 7 %, higher than the national average of 86. 7%. (The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, 2011)Sixteen major languages of India are also spoken in Mumbai, most common being Marathi, Hindi, Gujarati and English.The religions followed in Mumbai include Hindus (67. 39) , Muslims (18. 56%), Buddhists (5. 22%), Jain (3. 99%), Christians (4. 2%), Sikhs (0. 58%), Parsis and Jews making the rest of the population. (Mehta, 2004) Mumbai is also home to the largest population of Parsi Zoroastrians in the world, with about 80,000 Parsis in Mumbai. (The worlds successful diasporas) Looking at the information it is clear situation that Mumbai is a large market with intelligent customer. Amount of exposure to brands and products a person goes thr ough in Mumbai is vast. CultureThis seek also includes set abouting unfermented potential markets in the age group of 18 to 25 years, for this purpose knowing the culture of Mumbai is also essential. The culture of any place is constantly unflinching from its people, cuisine, religion, language and festivals. Mumbai has a mixture of people from various communities and subsequently they follow different religions. The metropolitan observes modern trends here people enjoy participating in all festivals irrespective of caste, creed and color. Mumbai is the birthplace of Indian cinema. The influence of the Bollywood in the cities culture is observed.The cultural heritage of Mumbai presents a combination of old and new. The bindaas or raffish approach of the Mumbaikars comes alive in their dialect of Mumbaiya Hindi too. (Principal Cities) Economy Mumbai is the financial and commercial capital of India. It generates 6. 16% of the total GDP. It is the economic hub of India, contribut ing 10% to factory employment 25% of industrial output, 33% of income tax collection, 60% of custom duty collection, 20% central excise duty collection ,40% of Indias international trade , Rs 4000 crore in corporate taxes. The worlds successful diasporas) In April 2008, Mumbai was ranked seventh in the list of Top Ten Cities for Billionaires by Forbes magazine, (Forbes Magzine) Demographic In demographic segmentation, the market is divided into groups on the basis of variables such as age, family size, family lifecycle, gender, income, occupation, education, religion, race, generation, nationality, and social class. Demographic variables are very hot among marketers as they are often associated with consumer needs and wants another is that they are easy to measure. (Philip Kotler, 2009)Age and Lifecycle Age and Lifecycle are important variables to define segments as the needs and wants of the consumer change with age. Johnson & Johnsons baby oil which is popular in India is a cla ssic example of product of infants. (Philip Kotler, 2009) This research is foc apply on the market segment which falls in the age group of 18 years 25 years. Consumers falling into this age group may have the falling into this group may be college going students, working, engage higher education, married and working, having their own business . Their wants and needs differ from each other.College going students entrust have their own wants and needs, what a college student would need is education, books, clothes, food his wants are a cricket bat, industrious, bike etc, he may desire to get education in a higher graded college, a car, Touch screen mobile etc. Working consumers have different needs compared to students. Working consumers may need a mobile, laptop, bike, blazers he automatically becomes a prospective customer to accommodate development companies, car companies, furniture companies, aviation companies, Food chains, financial service companies, holiday tours and t ravel package companies etc.Consumer who I married and working may need jewelry for his wife, furniture for his house and other consumer durable and non durable products, prospective customers for car manufacturers, Insurance companies etc. Consumers having their own business may need, a working space, desks, electricity, acs, he may become prospective customer for insurance companies, luxury car companies, High end products etc. So Consumer pursuing higher education falls between these four sub-segments, His needs are all a mixture of all three, he will be get married so all the needs and wants of a married working is a part of this consumer group.So by this we can infer that this wants and needs of this group is a mixture of all the other sub- segments. Slicing this segment further by Gender we find Men and women are different in their behavior, Research shows that women are likely to pick up the product without prompting while men often like to read product information before bu ying. (Philip Kotler, 2009) Income Income segmentation is a long standing practice in variety of products and services.Income determines the ability of consumers to participate in the market exchange and hence this is a basic segmentation variable (Philip Kotler, 2009) Slicing the segment on the base of income we may see college going student, Students pursuing higher education are dependent on their familys income , while other sub- segment are earning consumers who control their consumption pattern through their own pocket. Psychographic Segmentation Psychographic Segmentation is the process of using psychology and demographics to give understand consumers.In psychographic segmentation, buyers are divided into different group based on psychological / personality traits, lifestyle or values. People within the same(p) demographic group can exhibit very different psychographic profile. (Philip Kotler, 2009) VALS (Values, Attitudes and Lifestyles) (Philip Kotler, 2009)is a research m ethodology used for psychographic market segmentation. VALS was developed in 1978 by Arnold Mitchell and his subordinated at SRI International VALS Framework and Segment Innovator These Consumers have the highest incomes, and such high self-esteem and abundant resources that they can indulge in any or all self-orientations and are on the leading edge of change, Image is important to them as an expression of taste, independence, and character. Their consumer choices are directed toward the finer subjects in life. ? Thinkers These consumers are the high-resource group of those who are prompt by ideals. Their characteristics are mature, responsible, well-educated professionals. They have high incomes but are practical consumers and rational decision makers. Believers These consumers are the low-resource group of those who are motivated by ideals. They are predictable and conservative consumers who favor established brands. They have modest incomes. ?Achievers. These consumers are th e high-resource group, motivated by achievement. Work-oriented people who get their satisfaction from their jobs and families fall under this category. They are politically conservative and respect authority and the status quo. They favor established products and services that show off their success to their peers. ?Strivers. These consumers are the low-resource group who are motivated by achievements.They have values very similar to achievers but have fewer economic, social, and psychological resources. Style is extremely important to them as they strive to emulate people they admire. ?Experiencers These consumers are the high-resource group of those who are motivated by self-expression. They are the youngest and energetic of all the segments, . They have a lot of energy, which they effuse into physical exercise and social activities. They are avid consumers, spending heavily on clothing, fast-foods, music, and other youthful favorites, with particular emphasis on new products and services. Makers These consumers with low-resource group of those who are motivated by self-expression. They are practical people with value self-sufficiency. They are focused on the familiar-family, work, and physical recreation-and have little interest in the broader world. As consumers, they appreciate practical and functional products. ?Survivors. These consumers are with lowest incomes. They have too few resources to be included in any consumer self-orientation and are therefrom located below the rectangle. Oldest of all the segments, with a median age of 61. They tend to be brand-loyal consumers.The age group taken into consideration here is 18 to 25 year. Some of them may fall into Experiencers segment who are young and energetic and who are motivated by self expression. Some of them are thinkers, i. e. Smart buyers. behavioral Segmentation Behavioral segmentation divides a population based on their behavior, the way the population respond to, use or know of a product. Con sumer behavior is a subject studied in depth over time in marketing management. This is mainly because there are several factors which a consumer takes into consideration before taking a decision.Thus consumer decision making is affected by his behavior and that is exactly how the behavioral segments are targeted. (Philip Kotler, 2009) Forms of Behavioral segmentation purchase on occasions Buying on occasions is the first form of behavioral segmentation. Products such as chocolates and premium foods will sell on festivals. Similarly, confectioneries will sell when there is a party. Thus these products are generally targeted by behavioral segmentation. Benefits sought Several products are targeted towards the benefits sought by the customer.Recently, there has been a war between Colgate and sensodyne to target the people who have sensitive teeth. Similarly, there are other toothpastes which are targeted towards whitening of teeth. Hair shampoos are targeted towards split ends, anti dandruff or others. Loyalty There are two ways to grow a business. First is to acquire new customers and second is to retain your existing customers. The more loyal your customer is to you, the more your customer base will increase. Thats one more kind of behavior which marketers target.The strategy for brand loyal customers is very different from that used for acquiring new customers. Usage rate In residential or commercial segment, the usage can be demonstrated in the form of heavy usage, moderate usage or lesser usage. Taking the example of beauty parlors or personal care. There are some customers who use a lot of personal care products whereas others do not use personal care products much. Thus depending on their usage the customers can be targeted. Among the age group that we are focused on one may find all such behavioral buying patterns.A person can be loyal to one brand for one product , but for other product he may switch brand as he is acquiring discounts. Research Meth odology Data Gathering and Analysis To have a clear perception of the term research one should know the meaning of scientific methods. The two main terms, research and scientific method, are closely related. Research as we have already stated can be termed as an examination into the nature of, reason for and the consequences of any particular set of the circumstances, whether these circumstances are experimentally controlled or recorded just as they occur.Here the researcher is evoke more than particular results he is interested in the repeatability of the results and in their extension to more complicated and general situation. Research in common refers to a search for knowledge. Research can also be delimitate as a scientific and systematic search for pertinent information on a specialized topic. It is usually an art of scientific investigation. The purpose of research is to discover answer to question through the application of scientific procedures. The main aim of research is find out the truth which is hidden and which has not been discovered as yet.Research methodology is a way to systematically solve the research problem. It may be understood as science of leading how research is done systematically. It has many dimensions and research methods do constitute a part of Research Methodology. The scope of Research methodology is wider than that of research method. 1. Why a research study has been undertaken? 2. How the research problem has been defined? 3. In what way and why the hypothesis has been formed? Are usually answered when we talk of research methodology concerning a research problem or study.Whatever may be the tokens of research works and studies, one thing i. e. important is that they all meet on the common ground of scientific method employed by them. The research methodology can be defined as a way systematically solves the research problem along with the logic behind them. Researchers not only need to how to develop certain indices, how to foreshadow mean, mode, median and how to apply particular research technique and what would they mean and indicate and why? All this means that it is necessary for the researchers to use his methodology for his problem.The scope of Research methodology is wider than that of research methods. Thus research methodology deals itself not only with research method but also in considering the logic behind the methods used in the research study. Research Design The research design is the conceptual structure within which research is conducted. It is a plan of action, a plan of accumulate and analyzing data in economic, efficient and relevant be manner. It contains the blue print for the collection, measurement & analysis of data. The proposed study is an exploratory cum descriptive.The purpose of preparing research design could be either to test a hypothesis or to give a cause effect relationship to the given situation. The design provides answers for questions such as What techn iques will be used to gather data? What kind of sampling will use? As in this case research is to be a quantitative research. We are dealing with 12,478,447 population of Mumbai and slicing it to different segments. The data that has to be collected should be from an authentic source as the research is based on authentic facts of the region. Quantitative researchSystematic empirical investigation of quantitative properties and phenomena and their relationships. Asking a narrow question and collecting numerical data to analyze utilizing statistical methods. The quantitative research designs are experimental, correlation, and survey (or descriptive). Statistics derived from quantitative research can be used to establish the existence of associative or causal relationships between variables. SOURCES OF DATA The data that has to be collected has to be authentic, so it should be collected from authentic source like government websites, this type of research require authentic quantitat ive data.Data collection from primary sources is not a option here. So data has to be collected from alternative sources. Secondary Data Information regarding the project, secondary data was also required. These data were collected from various past studies and other sources like magazines, newspapers, and websites which qualified as reliable. Limitations of the study Limited Access to Secondary data Lack of time Conclusion Mumbai is a large consumer base, the youth population following in the age group of 18 to 25 years itself is diverse in their own ways, each of them have different wants , needs and desires.All of their wants and needs are not always satisfied. Markets are oversaturated with products at claim to fulfill their needs some fulfill the needs some partially. Buying decision of the consumer in this age depends upon what he thinks about the product and the brand and the amount of exposure he has gone through for that brand. As we are saying the needs of the consumers m ay be partially filled, so automatically there is a consumer base who wants something that will fulfill their needs in totality, this brings about a market opportunity for the companies which can be targeted by them, i. . slicing into that segment of Mumbai consumers. Many of the consumers are unaware of their needs as well, Example, Including the use of day today technology in household activities etc, there are many untapped markets in Mumbai that has to be exploited by the companies, Consumers of this age group are attracted to new technology and feature, they want to stay ahead of their generation, these wants and desires should be tapped upon by the companies. Bibliography Parsis top literacy, sex-ratio charts in city. (2004, september 8). Times OF India . The worlds successful diasporas. (n. d. ). Retrieved from Managementtoday. co. uk. censusindia. gov. in. (n. d. ). Ranking of districts of Maharashtra by population size 2011. Retrieved from censusindia. gov. in. Forbes Magzi ne. (n. d. ). Mehta, S. (2004). Maximum City Bombay Lost and found. Philip Kotler. (2009). merchandising Manager- A South Asian Perspective. Dorling Kindersley. PopulationIndia. com, . . (2011, June 1). Populationindia. wordpress. com. Pradeep Kashyap. (2003-04). Selling to the Hinterland. Business World , 88-91. Principal Cities. Government of Maharashtra.

Union and Intersection

Primary Task Response Write at least(prenominal) 3 paragraphs that respond to the following questions with your thoughts, ideas, and comments. Be substantive and clear, and use examples to reinforce your ideas. break apart I Describe how the notion of coupling and intersection apply to retrieving records in databases. Give an example of 2 sets that might appear in a database to help in your description. A prominent couple is found murdered in their mansion located in an affluent neighborhood. The housekeeper found the bodies and called the police.The housekeeper tells the detectives that quite a few valuables argon missing from the house artwork, electronics, jewelry, cash etc. In the initial stages of the investigation the detectives roll in the haynot decide whether this was a freebootery gone wrong or a murder the perpetrator tried to disguise into a robbery. Not missing to miss any potential leads the police compiles a joint list of suspects every suspect on this list is ei ther a known robber or a known killer (or both). For the first set R=x x has a robbery rap sheet they access the thievery/Robbery Division database.For the second set M=y y has a murder in his criminal record they access the Homicide Division database. It is not uncommon that different divisions within the same police department maintain different databases. Although state and national databases do exist they are usually dense moving and most often than not they generate unmanageably long lists of suspects. The advantage of a local database consists in a much easier access and outfit which is oftentimes much more relevant to the investigation in 99% of the cases the crime is perpetrated by a local suspect.Thus the initial set of suspects S is the union of R and M S=R? M. Suppose however that S has too many suspects. Given the personnel shortage it is not feasible to investigate every name which appears in S. the police needs to find a way to narrow down pat(p) this list. After re-interviewing the neighbors, it turns out that one of them witnessed a untrusting green Chevy van idling on a street corner close to the murdered couples house. The van was in a rough shape which made it unlikely to be owned by one of the local residents.The detectives have now a clue that helps them narrow down their list of suspects. They access the DMV database to extract the list of drivers who own an older model green Chevy van. In other words they retrieve the set C= z z owns a green Chevy van. The investigators then compare their list of suspects S , to the names listed in C, looking for common entries. In other words they are interested in the set of prime suspects P, where P is the intersection among S and C P=S? C. Part II Discuss the notion of the logical or and the logical and in computer programming (coding) or flowcharts.Why is it important to know how to apply these correctly? The tralatitious scope of computer science was the automation of numerical operations . But since reasoning grass be seen as a kind of computation, in principle it nominate be automated as well. Computers represent information using racinesss. A bit is a symbol with two possible values, zero and one. The word bit comes from binary digit, because zeros and ones are the digits utilise in binary representations of numbers Computer bit operations correspond to the logical connectives.Information is represented using bit strings, which are lists of zeros and ones. Operations on the bit strings can be used to manipulate this information. At a very basic level, the binary string get along accompanied by the operations that can be performed with these strings via the logical connectives constitute our way of translating the problem in a form the computer can understand. Eventually, the computer is the perfect executant so it will end up doing exactly what we told him to do which is not always the same with what we intended to have him do.The expiration between 0 and 1 may not seem large however, in absolute terms is as large as the difference between true and false, or the difference between black and white. The use of 0s and 1s is a matter of convenience if anything else alternatively we can work with dinks and dunks with exactly the same (logical) result. A quick example is most likely going to drive this point home. One of the places where logical connectives are used most frequently are the internet look engines. Suppose however that by a silly programming mistake a certain search engine XYZ. om reads or instead of and and vice-versa. Suppose your instructor recommended an article written by Jones and Smith on the topic of logical connectives. The instructor could not believe the authors first names nor the exact title of the paper but he suggested that a quick search on XYZ. com should help you locate the paper in no time. Needless to say if your search query Jones AND Smith AND Logical AND connectives is interpreted as Jones OR Smith OR Logical OR connectives the chances of muddle the paper are just as great as the chances of finding thr needle in the haystack.

Growing industrialism of the Gilded Age Essay

The growing industrialism of the Gilded Age was indeed a curse to American Democracy. The American Government stood idly by as the Industrialists became more and more powerful. The Preamble of the document that is the foundation of this great region, The Constitution of the United States, readsWe, the passel of the United States, in order to form a perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic tranquillity, provide for the common defense, promote the prevalent welfare, and secure the blessings of conversance to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this constitution for the United States of America.The American Government was not doing its best to ensure domestic tranquillity or to promote general welfare. Major Industrialists of the time were not kept in check, and the civilizeing class citizen paid for it big time. Company towns, the presence of monopolies, and an inactive government either contributed to this threat to American Democracy.During the Gilded Age many large companies took over entire towns. Everybody in that particular town worked for that company. These were called company towns. The large companies replaced all the stores that already existed in that town with their own stores. To keep the citizens of that town from going to other towns to buy supplies they printed their own money and the workers were paid with that. This allowed the large companies to charge an unfair amount for the goods change in their stores. All arguing was surpassd in that town. Competition is the major(ip) principle behind the American economy and ultimately the American Democracy. Without competition, weather it be in the midst of companies for a profit or politicians for a political office, this great American Democracy would fail.Company towns were also a center for political corruption. Many immigrants that came to this country were given a job and a home in a company town. In exchange for these gifts they were made to vote for candidat es that the company supported. This undermines the basic sell point of American Democracy which was that government was of the pot, by the people and forthe people. At this point American Democracy was more like a government of the Industrialists, by the Industrialists and for the Industrialists.Industrialists monopolies were not limited to the control over towns. The major Industrialists also extended their monopolies into businesses. If ABC corporation construct steel, they would buy out all of the other businesses that manufactured steel. ABC corporation might also buy out businesses that sold them the supplies to make steel. With this monopoly in place, ABC corporation would now essentially be adequate to(p) to manufacture steel for further the cost of labor.Because so many powerful Industrialists such as Carnegie and Rockefellar controlled monopolies, the working class was once again punished. Not only could these men charge unfair amounts for their products, they could al so pay the workers unfair wages. If a worker was tired of working for unfair wages and quit his job, he would be unable to find another job with better wages. Because there were no other better jobs to be found large corporations also forced workers to work in unsafe work environments. In these monopolies, that important concept of competition was once again eliminated and American Democracy was threatened by this.Through all of this, the American government did nothing. The government did little to stop the forming of monopolies. Because government did not step in and stop the major Industrialists competition was virtually eliminated. It is well know that competition is the backbone of Americas economy and always has been. It is competition that allows America to have a free-market economy. However, it is as equally true to say that competition is an important part in government. Politicians were able to compete for the votes of only the major Industrialists, and still win an elect ion.Those major Industrialists were so powerful that they were able to control who people voted for, as stated previously. The Industrialists had the politicians in their back pocket. If a politician wanted to get elected, he could most likely do that by siding with major Industrialists on important issues. The lower could be completely ignored. Because of this, politicians competed for the votes of only the major Industrialists and ignored the middle and lowerclasses.Many people may say that it is not governments job to do anything. However, those people should refer back to the Preamble of the Constitution. The Preamble states that one of the purposes of this union is to promote the general welfare of the people. By allowing the major Industrialists to eliminate competition in business and in government, the American Democracy was threatened. It became increasingly obvious that American Democracy was not promoting the general welfare of the nation, thus not doing its job.

Middle Class and Hard Work

In life, whole individuals want to stand out. They want to be the diamond in the rough, exclusively alone a few of them keister ever be such a thing. According to Malcolm Gladwell, in his book Outliers, he asserts that individuals who are granted opportunities and advantages, which not everybody is given by fate, are more successful. He implicates that opportunity, spartan start, birthdate, 10,000 hours rule, and the background of the person are essential factors when being an outlier.Out of these aspects, counterfeiting ard would learn to be the peerless factor that surpasses the rest in this scenario. Malcolm Gladwell emphasizes many characteristics on what being an outlier is. The most important is hard drub, for if you work hard enough and assert yourself, and use your mind and imagination, you can shape the world to your desires(1 51). Without hard work, zero will ever be accomplishable. Tonina Hoang, a McDonalds franchisee, writes, l work hard to ensure that they s tay motivate and develop their careers Nothing ever comes without having to work for it.Everyone who is famous, or a doctor, or a lawyer has gotten through with(predicate) the baby steps and engender overcome many obstacles to reach where they are now. Gladwell states that, No one who can rise before the dawn three hundred sixty days a year fails to make his family rich(137), further emphasizing that success is achievable if hard work is put in. Hard work will eventually pay off in the end. A Success Story an article in the Infotrac Newsstand claims that hard work, patience and dedication helped Muhammad Ayub of Wasa mother assistant director (legal) from a Junior pump operator. Always have optimism because one may think people do not notice what one does, besides in fact, everyone notices whether one is putting effort or notwithstanding going through the motions. Gladwell touches on how We overlook Just how large a role we all playand by we I mean societyin determining who mak es it and who doesnt(33). Some fourth dimensions people do not see how big of an impact they have to the society, but everyone is essential in order for the society to function properly. Gladwell fortifies diligence when he asserts Hard work is only a prison sentence when you lack motivation(42).In order to be successful, the individual must have the motivation to pursue their ambitions without feeling obligated to. Although working hard is a critical aspect in becoming an outlier, there are other factors that are important but not as critical. Gladwell claims It comes from our time from the particular opportunities that our place in history presents us with(58). People are given different opportunities they all depend on the time one was born nd how each and everyones background began.Not everyone had the same openings. For example, a lower class family would not have had the same chances as a middle class family. Gladwell affirms, Its knowledge that helps you read situations corr ectly and get what you want(87). Being mellowly intelligent is perhaps another recognise factor in becoming an outlier, for not being so, one would not have as a lot success as others. However, none of these things would ever be possible if one does not push oneself and draw in to work harder than others.Outliers play a huge role on society It we did not nave them, some ot the high quali corporate items, like Apple products, would have never been created. Success does not come as abstemious as it may seem. However, if one decided to stand out from the rest of society with Gladwells guidelines, they could possibly become the next outlier. Outliers are not Just born out of the blue (although some may be) they work hard, take the opportunities when they are given the chance, and overcome their social status.

Macbeth, a Play Full of Darkness Essay

Macbeth is a play profuse of darkness, evil, and tragedy. It is the fib of a man who goes against his conscience and commits a horrible deed which leads to his destruction and loss of e genuinelything he has around him. This includes the relationship he has with his wife, Lady Macbeth. In the beginning we see Lady Macbeth playing the to a greater extent superior, more dominating role of the devil. She comes across as a woman, who is persuasive and manipulative. She seems willing to trample anyone in rules of order to get what she wants.She lays all the plans and all Macbeth has to do is obey her commands. Macbeth on the other baseball mitt is fickle-minded and unsure. We discover that the man, who is praised so highly by the public is actually a weak man. We see that he is not the stand loyal man he is portrayed to be in the beginning. Macbeth and Lady Macbeth have a precise hale relationship but this later deteriorates. Act 1 stab 5 is a pick step up scene which shows ju st how close Macbeth and Lady Macbeth were at the beginning of the play it shows their original relationship.Macbeth has written a letter to Lady Macbeth telling her of everything and in this letter states my dearest partner which shows that she helped him and they are in it together. . The sideline speech where Lady Macbeth doubts that he can get to the title of King he is overly full of the milk of human kindness shows just how close they were. It establishes the fact that she knew him so well, she knew what he was like and it emphasises the meanness of their relationship. She deals of how he has enough ambition but not enough courage. His overiding ambition is not enough.When Macbeth and Lady Macbeth speak, they speak to eachother with such closeness and bond he calls her his dearest chuck, his partner of greatness. She knows that he is too weak to do anything and states her position in the murder leave the rest to me. In Act 1, Scene 7 shows the force and power that Lady Mac beth has over her husband. Upon hearing of Macbeths decision not to overcome Duncan, she is outraged and starts to work her force and power upon him. She knows where he is most vulnerable and attacks him at his weak spot. She strikes him at his manhood and courage.This of course works on Macbeth and she knows that it will. No one calls Macbeth a coward. She says that he is a coward and attacks his manliness. to be more than what you are, you would be so much more the man. She challenges his love for her and says that she would rather dash the brains out of her own child than break such a promise as Macbeth has to her. At this point in the play, Shakespeare re-confirms just how close the relationship between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth is and that she has the power and he listens to whatever she has to say.Lady Macbeth is s major influence on Macbeth, but this of course changes later. After the murder, Macbeth is still carrying the daggers and he seems to be calm down and uneasy. Lady Macbeth has to clean up what he has done wrong and has to return the daggers herself. Lady Macbeth is still very much in control. Here, Shakespeare defines both Lady Macbeth and Macbeths strong and weak characters. Lady Macbeth being the strong one yet as a duo, he tones them down to be nothing but two whispering, frightened villains. Later on, when Macduff discovers the body of Duncan, Macbeth acts suspiciously and imbibes prudence to himself.It is then that Lady Macbeth has to help him out and draw the attention away from him and to her by fainting. She does this later too, during the banquet scene. Lady Macbeth is always there to take the attention away from Macbeth. However, towards the end of the play, Lady Macbeth, comes across as one who has succumbed to her guilt. She discovers that nothing that she does could rid her off her guilt, by admitting that even the sweet-smelling erfumes of Arabia would not be able to remove the stench of blood from her little hand.She now take s up the role of the weak, submissive partner in the relationship, who is unsure of herself and very frightened of the future. Macbeth, on the other hand, now makes all his decisions by himself, and reaches the extent whereto he does not even bother to communicate his wife of his plans. He gains false confidence from the witches second predictions and builds castles in the air. He becomes a tyrant and a man, despised and hated by his public. He becomes insane and goes out of control.

Foundations of Psychology Paper Essay

AbstractThe miscellaneous condition of psychological science is a scientific investigation of humankind mind, body, and bearing. Psychology includes different depart manpowerts of psychology to apprehend and supervise observations on the noetic proficiency of a person mind and behavior. Psychology is regularly utilise to erect the secrecy of the human behavior. musing was the way to study a person mind to become aware of the cordial conscious and unconscious mind states. As time went by psychology was established, alone with some major schools of judgments.The paper below give discuss the six major schools of judgment in psychology, examine the al-Qaida of psychology, and examine their major underlie assumptions, behaviorism, psychoanalytic/psychodynamic, humanistic, and cognitive. In addition, it will show how the primary biologic foundations of psychology are linked to behavior such as, mavin, central awkward strategy, peripheral nervous System, and genetics/evoluti on. Behavioral TheoryBehavioral psychology, also known as behaviorism, is a learning theory established on the notion that behaviors are collected by conditioning. Conditioning develops from influenced of the environment. Operant and classical are the two major types of conditioning. A natural excitant is paired with a response, when a procedure known as classical conditioning is the procedure used in behavioral training. When someone receives rewards and punishments for behavior that is what we call Operant conditioning. Behaviorists speculate that a person credit to environmental stimuli shapes a person behavior. Behaviorism made psychology more scientific by concentrating all in all on observable behavior. This school of thought suggests that observable only behaviors should be studied.Structuralism and FunctionalismA German scientist, Wilhelm Wundt decided to take a structuralist approach to psychology after he founded his laboratory in Leipzig. An American, William jam took the functionalist approach in his lab at Harvard. They both decided that since psychology was not being approached as a discipline of human behavior, they both decided to take their knowledge of the principles of scientific research and harbor their study to human behavior. Psychologys foundation as a science needs to be thoroughly understood, so let us take a look at both mens foundation as scientists. Wundts approach to the structuralist approach sought to identify the building blocks, or the structure, of psychological experience, in the uniform way other sciences had been broken down in this way before.physics had its fundamental laws, just as chemistry had its periodic table of elements, and Wundt wanted to do the same for psychology, which would establish a series of fundamental relations or structures that could be used to explain all behavior.However, William James, oer at Harvard, working on his functionalist approach, did not agree with Wundts scientific approach of str ucturalism. James thought that Wundts mental processes were to complex.Psychologists believe the method of measuring would always change what was always trying to be measured. Influenced by Darwins theory of natural selection, James preferred instead to question wherefore we perform the way we do. James wanted to understand the functions of behavior in our lives in terms of either how it helped us or hurt us and why certain behaviors were more common than others, such as why do humans feel jealousy. Psychoanalytic/Psychodynamic TheoryVarious kinds of psychoanalysis and psychodynamic therapies have been established. In the twentieth century, Freud was an important scientific thinker and his theories have influenced cultures and counseling and psychotherapy practices. Freud believed that personality is shaped by biological drives expressed early in life through preoccupation with specific parts of the body, and that each act involves gratification associated with the function of th at part of the body and the childs developmental stage. The psychodynamic theory consists of rests on tierce elements.First, a person feelings and thoughts is part of his or her minds. Second, the awareness of the conscious has various mental issues that happenoutside. Third, these mental issues may interfere with each other, causing jeopardize motives. Psychoanalysis and other analytic approaches have been criticized on several fronts related to multicultural issues length and lack of affordability, and overemphasis on individual dynamics versus social issues and influences.cognitive Theorycognitive theories focused on the way a person is motivated, solve problems, make decision, and thinking. Cognitive psychology studies mental understandings that consist of how people think, comprehend, and learn. The focus is how people collect, understand, and accumulate information. there are some(prenominal) administrations for cognitive research, such as, improving a person stock, buildi ng making decision correctly, and building educational to increase learning. Starting in the late 70s behaviorism was the main controller in the school of thought in psychology, but the focus to move away from behavioral psychology to subjects such as attention, memory and problem-solving.BehavioralThe promontory is a sophisticated, functional, and manageable structure that controls a person behaviors and mental performances. Psychologists study the judgement many ways. The verbal and nonverbal behaviors are tested by neuropsychologist to measure the affected by conceiver damage. The activity of the brain is studied using an electroencephalogram (EEG), (CT) scans, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The brain consists of three parts the hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain.The hindbrain consists of the brain stem and the cerebellum that controls a person, movement, posture, and balance. The midbrain is located in the affection of the brain that helps control vision, sleep, and sou nd. The forebrains holds the thalamus and hypothalamus sensors that control a person penury and emotion behavior. The motivation urges a person have come from the limbic system that also synchronizes memory and emotion. The brain has a right and a left side known as hemispheres. The two hemispheres correspond and work together with the aid of the corpus callosum. When one hemisphere does a main job, this is known as lateralization.Genetics/ ontogeny maturationary psychology central point is biologically functions established as solutions to same kind of difficulties of adjustments. Evolution means a change over time which the rhythm with certain genes happens within a ford society. Darwins theory foundation of evolution is the fundamental of uncontrolled collection, which shows that biologically based features that reinforce the option and reproductive in the population because people who lack the features are less likely to pass on their genes. Many features are impelling by th e cooperation of many genes. Behavior geneticists investigate the addition of genetic and environmental ingredients psychological characteristics and behaviors. These investigations suggest that psychological characteristics have genetic contributions. Genetic structure allows researchers to copy and transform genetic. profound Nervous SystemThe central nervous system transports signals back and forth within the brain, the spinal cord, and glands and muscles. middle endings sends signal to the brain, which causes neurons within the brain to be used. This signal may cause a muscle to get under ones skin or relax. The nervous system consists of connected nerve chambers that send instruction throughout the body. There are four distinguish features of the nervous system. The intelligence of the brain to adjust is termed plasticity. Cells that transport information to the brain is called afferent neurons and those that transport information out of the brain are called efferent neurons. The communication of the nervous system consist of networking, which the cells combine sensory input and motor output. off-base Nervous SystemThe peripheral nervous system joins the brain and spinal cord and connects to other body parts. The peripheral nervous system is break off into the somatic nervous system, which includes sensory, motor nerves, and the autonomic nervous system, which monitors the bodily organs located inside the body. Peripheral nervous system can be damage easily and exposed to toxins and injuries because it is not protected by the bone of spine, skull,or by the bloodbrain restriction. ConclusionThe miscellaneous condition of psychology is a scientific investigation of humankind mind, body, and behavior. Psychology includes different departments of psychology to apprehend and supervise observations on the mental technique of a person mind and behavior. Behaviorism made psychology more scientific by concentrating totally on observable behavior. Humanist thin kers believe that both psychoanalysis and behaviorism were too dismay focusing on the tragic of emotions.Cognitive psychology studies mental understandings that consist of how people think, comprehend, and learn. Foundations of biopsychology are the foundation that every thought, emotion, and behavior that a person has starts in the brain. In the past, foundations of biopsychology were thought of as physiological psychology or behavioral neuroscience. Evolutionary psychology central point is biologically functions established as solutions to same kind of difficulties of adjustments.ReferencesWickens, A. (2005). Foundations of Biopsychology Harlow, England Prentice Hall. Retrieved electronically November 26, 2007 fromhttp//www.psypress.com/common/supplementary/184169360X/part1.pdf James, W. (1904) The Chicago school. Psychological Bulletin. 1, 1-5. Retrieved electronically February 6, 2013 fromhttp//education-portal.com/academy/lesson/two-early-approaches-functionalism-and-structura lism.html

My Favorite Class

All semester my students have been writing paragraphs for me. They have learned how to write topic sentences and back offing sentences and alike concluding sentences. They have worked actually hard. Now it is my turn to write a paragraph. Hopefully Ill be able to write an interesting topic sentence that will catch the attention of my students. So, what should my paragraph be about? MRS. DS FAVORITE CLASS. My reading/writing class for the fall semester at the familiarity college in 2008 was an excellent class.How were they excellent? Well, premier(prenominal) they ever so did their homework. Most of them had jobs to do during the day but they subdued found time to do their homework. They wrote in their journals and wrote a lot of paragraphs and then they rewrote the paragraphs. They were also excellent in another way. They really got along well with one another as a class. Some of them were very outgoing and almost of them were quite shy but they respected each other and learn ed a lot about each others countries as a result.Finally, they were an excellent class because they always made the teacher laugh. Even though they had worked hard all day, they came to class in a ingenious mood. If they were tired, they never acted grumpy about it or if they didnt feel well, they just kept right on working. So, you can see that this really was an excellent class and I hope that they will all do well in the future. So, did Mrs. D. write a good paragraph? What was the topic sentence? Did all the sentences support the topic or were there some irrelevant sentences?And how about the concluding sentence? Did she repeat some words from the topic sentence? Was it a good conclusion? Notice that she didnt indent the first word in the paragraph. The reason is that this is a typed paragraph and the paragraphs are separated by a billet instead of making an indentation. Well, I dont think that its the greatest paragraph in the world but it expresses how I feel about this class . I hope you all have a nice vacation and best wishes for your continued success in the coming year 2009 Sincerely, Mrs D.

Happy Family Essay

onwards we talk most the requirements that make a skilful family, lets try to define what a happy family is. What makes for family happy? Is it something material like a big house or a straight-laced motorcar? Is it financial stability? Is it a proper paying job, vacations, a cabin by the lake? I know that at least for me, a nice job, a big house, and a nice car I could drive to my cabin by the lake would definitely make my family at least a pair of nonches happier. But are those the things that really make a family happy. I think roughly the really happy moments in my familys history and they all come back through flashes of smiles, hugs and laughter. I may not cerebrate what car we had then, when I was a young little woman, scarcely I clearly remember the times my father took me fossil hunting and how happy those times were for me having special time to charmher. So I believe there is something more profound, something deeper, something that lasts long after the shine of the radical car is gone. I do not know, and I do not think it really matters which one is more important than the other, but my belief is that the main ingredients for a happy family life are make out, honesty, and caring. I believe that every good thing comes from some combination of those three.Love is the main ingredient, the feeling that keeps the family together in spite of anything. Love lets us forgive easier and understand each other mitigate. It makes us care for one another, worry about one another, want to do nice things for one another. Love is the one thing that keeps the family together. Love brings about empathy, compassion for the loved one, it makes his pain our pain, his sadness our sadness and the wanting of doing everything we can do to stop his and our pain. cartwheel would have to be another one of these requirements for a happy family. Being honest with our partner releases us from having to keep things secret and from the constant effort of not being our selves. Honesty brings people together because we get to know them they way they really are, we get to know their fears and their happiness. And they also get to know about us. Children match to it by watching their parents.They get out learn to be host by watching thei parents being honest.Our children will then feel closer to us knowing they can be honest to us as their parents. Knowing what is really in the hearts of our family gives us and understanding of one another. And this understanding brings with it, a gross profit margin to everybodys quirks and peculiarities. Finally, honesty is about truth, and teaching our kids to be honest and true makes them want to teach their children and thats a good thing to be able to say we were responsible for. And then there is caring. So much is connected to caring. We care for the things we love, and we love the things we take care of.Theres nothing like taking the new car for that first wash looking at how the light comes through the windows, how shiny the tires look, and how much better it drives when its clean. Just the act of caring for something brings about love. By really caring about our partners or childrens dreams and goals, we show them we love them. Those are the three most important thing, I think, a happy family should have love caring and honesty. We can teach our children by being honest, caring and agreeable with them. If we can teach our children to teach theirs about these three things, then is not too hard to see how this could really go on for ever.This makes me hopefull of a better place in the future.